Computer File
marketing 3.0 : From Products to Customers to the Human Spirit
According to Alvin Toffler, human civilization can be divided
into three waves of the economy. The first wave is the Agri-
culture Age, in which the most important capital is the land
for agriculture. My country, Indonesia, is undoubtedly rich in
this type of capital. The second is the Industrial Age following
the Industrial Revolution in England and the rest of Europe.
The essential kinds of capital in this age are machines and the
factory. The third era is the Information Age, where mind, in-
formation, and high tech are the imperative types of capital to
succeed. Today, as humanity embraces the challenge of global
warming, we are moving toward the fourth wave, which is ori-
ented to creativity, culture, heritage, and the environment. In
leading Indonesia, this is my future direction.
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