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Network Fundamentals - Student Guide
The preceding figure depicts a setup in which four computers and a printer are connected in a network. All the computers can execute their printing tasks through a single printer without investing on individual printers for every computer.
The need for connecting computers to form computer networks arose due to increase in the business requirements for sharing, processing, and distributing information.
The initial idea of a network was perceived by Department of Defense (DOD) in USA for the purpose of security. DOD, with the help of Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), created the first network called the ARPANET.
It was a connection of four computers, which could exchange a message successfully. With the development of network technologies, ARPANET achieved stability in terms of standards and connectivity. By the mid 1980s, commercial organizations could also connect to this growing network, now referred to as the Internet.
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